{
  "title": "Julia Palmer",
  "era": "1836–1839 sailing career, before steam conversion and Lake Superior",
  "version": "1.1",
  "modelStatus": "Interpretive reconstruction; no original lines plan recovered",
  "detailLevel": "full",
  "units": "metres",
  "axes": {
    "up": "+Y",
    "bow": "-X",
    "starboard": "+Z"
  },
  "historicalDimensions": {
    "lengthFeet": 100,
    "beamFeet": 26.5,
    "depthOfHoldFeet": 10,
    "beamInferred": false,
    "holdDepthUnknown": false,
    "dimensionsSourceQuality": "Selected documentary baseline; see vessel research notes for length and beam conflicts"
  },
  "geometryReference": {
    "hullBowX": -15.24,
    "hullSternX": 15.24,
    "deckY": 3.65,
    "waterlineY": 2.6,
    "waterlineIsInferred": true
  },
  "bounds": {
    "min": [
      -21.354619890544956,
      0.0050000000000000044,
      -5.488636000000001
    ],
    "max": [
      15.325000000000001,
      30.652968177738476,
      5.488636000000001
    ]
  },
  "triangleCount": 81144,
  "trianglesByGroup": {
    "hull": 12950,
    "bulwarks": 9154,
    "fittings": 2996,
    "deck": 6660,
    "propulsion": 52,
    "anchors": 636,
    "deckhouses": 1320,
    "skylights": 60,
    "cargo_hatches": 120,
    "hatch_covers": 192,
    "ship_boat": 1816,
    "spars": 4556,
    "standing_rigging": 3456,
    "sails": 31620,
    "running_rigging": 5120,
    "steering": 412,
    "stern_trim": 24
  },
  "drawCalls": 56,
  "mastCount": 3,
  "supportsSails": true,
  "visibilityNodes": {
    "sails": "sails"
  },
  "deployedSailCount": 11,
  "inferredFeatures": [
    "The model selects a three-masted merchant-ship rig from the ship/full-rigged readings, with three square tiers on fore and main, two on mizzen, a gaff spanker and two headsails. This inventory is not a recovered sail plan.",
    "Hull lines, rounded stern, low trunk cabin, deck fittings, paint and absolute rig proportions are conventional period interpretations. The model does not reproduce the Augusta plan’s poop or stern board, and that plan is no longer asserted as its hull basis."
  ],
  "configurationCaveat": "Pendill Creek identification is unconfirmed. Shown as a merchant sailing ship in 1836–1839, before steam conversion and passage to Lake Superior; one account calls her a schooner. This sailing rig never entered Lake Superior. Hull, deck and rig details are conventional inferences; reported lengths differ.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Mansfield chapter 35",
      "url": "https://www.linkstothepast.com/marine/chapt35.php",
      "use": "See the cited evidence and uncertainty sections in the research notes."
    },
    {
      "title": "Reproduced 1880 historical account",
      "url": "https://navalmarinearchive.com/research/docs/early_erie.html",
      "use": "See the cited evidence and uncertainty sections in the research notes."
    },
    {
      "title": "Swayze P",
      "url": "https://greatlakesrex.wordpress.com/p/",
      "use": "See the cited evidence and uncertainty sections in the research notes."
    },
    {
      "title": "1847 contemporary account",
      "url": "https://images.maritimehistoryofthegreatlakes.ca/60983/data",
      "use": "See the cited evidence and uncertainty sections in the research notes."
    }
  ],
  "revisedDate": "2026-09-08",
  "revisionNote": "Corrected the September 2026 audit findings and distinguished documentary evidence, interpretation and unresolved conflicts.",
  "documentedFeatures": [
    "Mansfield’s launch account gives Buffalo, 1836, 100 × 26.5 × 10 ft and 300 tons, calling the vessel a schooner. [History of the Great Lakes, chapter 35](https://www.linkstothepast.com/marine/chapt35.php).",
    "Swayze identifies John Carrick of Buffalo as builder, calls the original a bark or full-rigged ship, and records conversion to steam in 1839. [Swayze P](https://greatlakesrex.wordpress.com/p/).",
    "The vessel was taken over the Sault portage after conversion. A contemporary account reports survival of the November 1, 1847 storm with 45 aboard. Later recovery and use as dock facing are recorded in the compilation. [Maritime History record 60983, Cleveland Daily Herald, December 6, 1847](https://images.maritimehistoryofthegreatlakes.ca/60983/data), [Swayze P](https://greatlakesrex.wordpress.com/p/)."
  ],
  "builder": "John Carrick, Buffalo, 1836"
}